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KMID : 0613820180280111339
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Journal of Life Science
2018 Volume.28 No. 11 p.1339 ~ p.1346
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Physico-chemical, Nutritional, and Enzymatic Characteristics of Shiitake Spent Mushroom Substrate (SMS)
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Sung Hwa-Jung
Pyo Su-Jin
Kim Jong-Sik
Park Jong-Yi
Sohn Ho-Yong
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Abstract
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In Korea, edible mushrooms are produced largely on commercial artificial media, so the annual production of spent mushroom substrate (SMS), as a by-product of the mushroom industry, is estimated at over 200 million tons. This SMS is assumed to contain abundant fungal mycelia and pre-fruiting bodies, as well as various nutritive and bioactive compounds that are presently discarded. This study examined the physico-chemical, nutritional, and enzymatic characteristics of uninoculated sterilized medium (USM) and SMS of shiitake mushrooms with the aim of developing a high-value added product from SMS. The contents of crude protein, crude lipid, and ash were higher after the third SMS harvest (SMS-A-3rd) than in USM or SMS-A-1st. The contents of Ca, Mg, and P in SMS-A-3rd were 2.95, 2.35, and 2.1-fold higher compared than in USM. No As or Cd was detected in USM or SMS. The pH, Brix, and acidity were 4.6, 20.0, and 1.4, respectively in SMS-A-3rd, but 5.6, 6.0, and 0.0, respectively, in USM. These results suggest a highly active production of soluble components and organic acids in SMS-A-3rd. The distinct color differences noted for USM, SMS-A-1st, and SMS-A-3rd could be used as a mycelial growth indicator. Enzyme activity assays using the APIZYM system showed that SMS is a potent source of hydrolysis-related enzymes, especially esterase (C4) and β- glucuronidase. Our results suggested that the SMS of shiitake has a high potential for use in environmental, agricultural, and stock-breeding industries, for example, as active ingredients for sewage treatment, waste-polymer degradation, and feed additives.
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KEYWORD
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APIZYM, nutritional analysis, shiitake, spent mushroom substrate (SMS)
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